Perceived cultural characteristics of the local government
Openness and expertise
The local government has an open organizational culture.
The local government has a public relations department that communicates with citizens.
The local government makes trustworthy policy decisions.
The local government provides satisfactory services for its citizens.
The local government possesses a high level of technology for its administrative duties.
The local government has a high speed of growth in the knowledge level it uses.
The local government is economically stable.
Hierarchy and regulation
The local government has many rules or codes that define and limit the job descriptions of its employees.
The local government has a clear hierarchy in its structure.
The legal department has a substantial influence on the local government.
Perceived social characteristics of the local government leader
Communication and social responsibility activities
The city mayor is active in communicating with citizens.
The city mayor uses various channels of communication.
The city mayor’s work activities are often covered by the news media.
The mayor has been carrying out diverse social responsibility activities.
The mayor actively participates in various social activities.
Law compliance
The city mayor abides by the law.
The city mayor is not plagued by any scandals.
Political orientation
The city mayor’s political orientation is … (1 = Conservative to 5 = Liberal).
Perceived managerial leadership style of the local government leader
Transformational leadership
The city mayor has a clear vision.
The city mayor explains how the city’s vision can be achieved.
The city mayor demonstrates positive behavior and expressions.
The city mayor encourages public officers to achieve their goals.
Transactional leadership
The city mayor clearly sets expectations and rewards public officers for meeting them.
The city mayor monitors public officers’ errors to prevent mishaps.
The city mayor performs corrective actions for unsatisfactory outcomes.
|
.91
.75
.91
.79
-
.94
.81
|
|
Situational contingent factors
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α
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Perceived citizenship
People living in the city are trustworthy.
People living in the city are reasonable.
People living in the city have a high sense of citizenship.
People living in the city are hardworking.
People living in the city are friendly.
Perceived severity of the COVID-19 issue
The COVID-19 issue has a huge social impact.
The COVID-19 issue changes every moment.
The COVID-19 issue is complex to solve.
|
.87
.87
|
|
Perceptions of functional characteristics of a city and city image
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α
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Ecological infrastructure
The city has abundant green space.
The city is clean wherever you go.
The city is highly polluted.*
The city is noisy.*
Cultural infrastructure
Many symbols represent the city.
There are many historical relics in the city.
Various local festivals are held in the city.
Living infrastructure and city competitiveness
The city has a convenient public transportation system.
The city is equipped with various educational facilities.
The city is equipped with various shopping facilities.
In the city, the level of education is high.
In the city, the level of economy is high.
The city provides a good business environment.
In the city, the level of internationalization is high.
In the city, the level of technical research is high.
City image
Leading
Future-oriented
Cutting-edge
Active
Leading
Dynamic
Luxurious
Sophisticated
Economic
Advanced
Safe
Safe
Clean
Pleasant
|
.70
.84
.92
.95
.87
|