Variables Beta t Tolerance VIF
Control variables Age .00 -.02 .89 1.13
Education -.03 -1.27 .96 1.04
Period of residence .01 .37 .87 1.15
Contingent factors [Local gov.] Openness and expertise .05 1.39 .36 2.78
[Local gov.] Hierarchy and regulation .07** 2.62 .59 1.69
[Leader] Communication and social responsibility activities .05 1.18 .24 4.14
[Leader] Law compliance -.01 -.36 .44 2.25
[Leader] Political orientation -.01 -.32 .86 1.16
[Leader] Transformational leadership .01 .12 .20 5.13
[Leader]Transactional leadership .01 .23 .47 2.13
[Situational] Perceived citizenship .24*** 8.61 .57 1.75
[Situational] Perceived severity of the COVID-19 issue .05* 2.03 .89 1.13
Functional characteristics of a cityEnvironmental infrastructure .34*** 13.72 .74 1.36
Cultural infrastructure .06* 2.20 .63 1.59
Living infrastructure and city competitiveness .30*** 9.80 .50 2.01