| Training |
Job-related skills
Function, technique
Productivity |
Broad range of skills
Cross-function
Diagnostic, problem solving Productivity, quality |
| Empowerment |
Efficiency
Productivity
Standard procedures
Narrow span of control
Specific job descriptions |
Quality
Customization
Innovation
Wide span of control
Autonomous work teams Empowerment |
| Teamwork |
Individual goals
Functional teams |
Team goals
Emphasize quality and service
Cross-functional teams |
| Compensation |
Competition for individual merit increases and benefits |
Team/group-based rewards
Financial rewards
Financial
and nonfinancial recognition |